Old Testament
1 Samuel 1:2
The Clear Bible Translation matches the King James Version, written at a 10th-grade reading level in plain English
At a Glance
Elkanah was a man with two wives, Hannah and Peninnah.
- Author
- Traditionally attributed to Samuel, Nathan, and Gad
- Written
- Around 930 BC
- Genre
- Historical narrative
- Original Audience
- The Israelites of the early monarchy
Elkanah had two wives. One was named Hannah, and the other was named Peninnah. Peninnah had children, but Hannah had none.
And he had two wives; the name of the one was Hannah, and the name of the other Peninnah: and Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children.
Verse Analysis
Plain-English insight for readers
Elkanah was a man with two wives, Hannah and Peninnah. Peninnah was blessed with children, while Hannah struggled with infertility. This situation created tension and heartache in their household. Hannah's inability to have children made her feel incomplete and deeply saddened. Despite her pain, she remained devoted to her husband and her faith. Elkanah loved Hannah dearly, often trying to comfort her. This story highlights the complexities of family dynamics and the emotional struggles that can arise from them. It also sets the stage for Hannah's journey of faith and her desperate prayers for a child, which will unfold in the following verses. The contrast between the two women illustrates the different paths of motherhood and the societal pressures surrounding it, making Hannah's story relatable to many who face similar challenges today. Her experience reminds us of the importance of compassion and understanding in our relationships, especially when others are facing their own battles.
Related Bible verses
How to apply 1 Samuel 1:2 to your life
This passage encourages us to be sensitive to the struggles of others, especially in family situations. It reminds us that everyone has their own battles, often hidden from view. We should strive to offer support and understanding, just as Elkanah tried to comfort Hannah. Compassion can make a significant difference in someone's life during tough times. Let's be mindful of how we treat those around us, especially in their moments of pain.
Curated for this public verse page. 1 Samuel Summary
Frequently Asked Questions
Quick, clear answers about this verse
What does 1 Samuel 1:2 mean?
1 Samuel 1:2 describes Elkanah's family situation, highlighting that he had two wives, Hannah and Peninnah. It shows the contrast between Peninnah, who had children, and Hannah, who was unable to conceive, setting the stage for the emotional struggles that follow.
What is the significance of Hannah's infertility in 1 Samuel 1:2?
Hannah's infertility in 1 Samuel 1:2 is significant as it illustrates her deep emotional pain and societal pressures regarding motherhood. This struggle is central to her character development and her eventual journey of faith and prayer for a child.
What does the name Peninnah mean in 1 Samuel 1:2?
The name Peninnah in 1 Samuel 1:2 is often interpreted to mean 'precious stone' or 'pearl.' Her role as a mother contrasts with Hannah's infertility, emphasizing the themes of family dynamics and emotional struggle.
How does 1 Samuel 1:2 reflect family dynamics?
1 Samuel 1:2 reflects complex family dynamics by showing the tension between Elkanah's two wives, Hannah and Peninnah. The verse highlights the emotional challenges that arise from polygamy and the impact of infertility on relationships.

The Book of 1 Samuel
1 Samuel 1: The Birth of Samuel
The book opens during the time of the judges, introducing a man named Elkanah with two wives, Hannah and Peninnah. While Peninnah has children, Hannah is barren and is cruelly taunted by her rival. During their annual pilgrimage to the sanctuary at Shiloh, the deeply distressed Hannah prays silently to the Lord, weeping and vowing that if God will give her a son, she will dedicate him to the Lord's service for his entire life as a Nazirite. Eli, the high priest, sees her lips moving and initially mistakes her for a drunken woman, but after she explains her sorrowful prayer, he blesses her, saying, "Go in peace: and the God of Israel grant thee thy petition."
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