James 4:13

2 James warns against holding the faith of Jesus Christ with partiality. He presents a scenario where a rich man in fine apparel and a poor man in filthy clothes enter their assembly. If they show deference to the rich man and contempt for the poor man, they have become judges with evil thoughts. God has chosen the poor of this world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom. To show partiality is to commit sin and be convicted by the law as transgressors. For whoever keeps the whole law, and yet stumbles in one point, is guilty of all. He then transitions to the relationship between faith and works, stating that faith without works is dead. He argues that it is not enough to say one has faith; that faith must be demonstrated by actions. If a brother or sister is naked and destitute of daily food, and one of you says to them, "Depart in peace, be warmed and filled," but does not give them the things which are needed for the body, what does it profit? He uses the examples of Abraham, who was justified by works when he offered Isaac, and Rahab the harlot, who was justified by works when she received the messengers. Just as the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without works is dead also. 3 James cautions his brethren against becoming teachers, knowing that they will receive a stricter judgment. He speaks of the power of the tongue, which, though a small member, boasts great things. It is like the bit in a horse's mouth or the rudder of a ship, able to direct the whole body. The tongue is a fire, a world of iniquity, that defiles the whole body and is set on fire by hell. It is an unruly evil, full of deadly poison. With it, they bless God and curse men, who are made in the similitude of God. This should not be. A fountain cannot send forth both fresh and salt water, nor can a fig tree bear olives. James then contrasts two types of wisdom. The wisdom that is from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, willing to yield, full of mercy and good fruits, without partiality and without hypocrisy. But if they have bitter envy and self-seeking in their hearts, this wisdom is earthly, sensual, and demonic. Where envy and self-seeking exist, there is confusion and every evil thing. The fruit of righteousness is sown in peace by those who make peace.