New Testament
Ephesians 2:3
Read the Bible in clear, modern English—easy to understand, faithful to the meaning, and written for everyday readers.
We were all right there with them, living to satisfy every craving of our bodies and minds. By our very nature, we deserved God's wrath just like everyone else.
Compare translations
Among whom also we all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others.
What Ephesians 2:3 means
Plain-English insight for readers
In this verse, we are reminded that we all once lived in a way that focused solely on our own desires, both physical and mental. This behavior was not just a mistake; it was part of our nature. Because of this, we were deserving of consequences, just like everyone else. It highlights a universal truth: we all struggle with selfishness and cravings that can lead us away from what is good. Recognizing this shared experience can help us understand our need for change and growth. It’s a call to reflect on our past and acknowledge that we are not alone in our struggles. This realization can lead to a deeper appreciation for the journey of transformation that many seek. We can find hope in knowing that change is possible, and we can move towards a better way of living that aligns with our true purpose. Understanding our past helps us appreciate the present and the potential for a brighter future, free from the chains of our former selves. This is a powerful reminder of our shared humanity.
How to apply Ephesians 2:3 to your life
Take a moment to reflect on your own desires and how they influence your actions. Consider ways to shift your focus from self-centered cravings to more meaningful pursuits. Engage in conversations with others about their experiences to foster understanding and support in your journey of growth. Remember, change is possible for everyone, including you. Embrace it!
Curated for this public verse page. Ephesians Summary
Explore more of the Bible
Learn the Bible through its people and places
Get to know the people in Scripture through illustrated stories, and explore the places where they lived and traveled.

Illustrated scene from Paul's story: The Stoning of Stephen (Acts 7:57–8:2)
Meet the people of the Bible
Follow their lives in order, with illustrated scenes and Bible passages that tell their stories.
Paul

Photo: Photochrom print, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division (LCCN 2002724966). License: Public domain in the United States; Library of Congress states no known restrictions on publication. Source. Location: Bethlehem, West Bank; print preserved by the Library of Congress. Resized for the web.
Explore the places of the Bible
See where biblical events happened, why each place matters, and what archaeology helps us understand.
Bethlehem
David's hometown, and the town where Jesus was born.
Get full access with one subscription
Explore the people and places of the Bible. Read summaries of every book, with images and clear explanations covering every chapter. Access all these features and our Bible study tools with one subscription.
See PlansAsk AI about Ephesians 2:3
Ask a question about this verse and get a clear answer, with Bible references you can read for yourself.
Every Bible book, explained chapter by chapter
Explore summaries of every book of the Bible, with images and easy-to-understand explanations covering every chapter.
Keep studying Ephesians 2:3
Related Bible verses
Key themes
Related topics
At a Glance — the Book of Ephesians
- Author
- Paul the apostle
- Written
- Around AD 60-62
- Genre
- Letter (epistle)
- Original Audience
- The church in Ephesus
Frequently Asked Questions
Quick, clear answers about this verse
What does Ephesians 2:3 mean?
Ephesians 2:3 explains that we all once lived according to our own desires, both physical and mental, which led us to deserve negative consequences. It emphasizes our shared human experience of selfishness and the need for transformation.
What is the meaning of 'children of wrath' in Ephesians 2:3?
The phrase 'children of wrath' in Ephesians 2:3 refers to people who, by their nature and actions, are deserving of God's judgment due to their selfish desires and behaviors. It highlights the consequences of living for oneself.
How does Ephesians 2:3 relate to personal growth?
Ephesians 2:3 encourages reflection on our past behaviors driven by selfish desires, highlighting that recognizing these struggles is the first step towards personal growth and transformation.
What themes are present in Ephesians 2:3?
Ephesians 2:3 presents themes of selfishness, shared struggle, the need for change, consequences of our actions, and the potential for transformation in our lives.
Daily Verse — straight to your inbox
A verse and a 2-sentence plain-English explanation, every morning. Free. Unsubscribe anytime.